Pravna sigurnost u kontekstu novog zakona o opštem upravnom postupku

Abstract

Kvalitet propisa i njihove primene predstavljaju jedan od veoma značajnih faktora pri donošenju odluke o investiranju u privredu određene zemlje. Pozitivni efekti takvih odluka su brojni na marko i mikroekonomskom planu, ali i na socijalnom planu, doprinose političke stabilnosti i sl. Prilikom donošenja novog ZUP-a sačuvane su brojne pozitivne karakteristike koje je ovaj zakon (sa određenim izmenama i dopunama) ostvario tokom višedecenijske primene. Novi ZUP unosi inovacije koje su pažljivo odabrane i argumentovane i koje, pored ostaloga, unapređuju pravnu sigurnost. U vezi sa tim, naročiti značaj imaju uvođenje načela predvidivosti, uređivanje garantnog akta, precizno definisanje trenutka pokretanja postupka po službenoj dužnosti i zahtevom stranke, sužavanje prostora za odstupanje od opšteg režima garantovanje nivoa zaštite prava i pravnih interesa stranaka zajemčenih ovim zakonom. Konačno, u vezi sa procesom usklađivanja posebnih zakona sa ZUP-om, autor ukazuje i na potencijalne opasnosti po pravnu sigurnost koje mogu nastati u bliskoj budućnosti ako se ne izmene i dopune prelazne i završne odredbe zakona i nudi moguće načine za prevazilaženje ovog problema.

The quality of regulations and their application are one of very important factors in making a decision on investing in the economy of a particular country. The positive effects of such decisions are numerous from the point of view of macro and micro economy, but also on the social environment, they contribute to political stability and the like. When adopting the new Law on General Administrative Procedure (LGAP), a number of positive characteristics have been preserved, which this law (with certain changes and additions) has achieved during the course of a long period of its application. The new LGAP introduces innovations that are carefully selected and argued and which, among other things, improve legal certainty. In this regard, the introduction of the principle of predictability, the regulation of the guarantee act, the precise definition of the moment of initiating the procedure ex officio and on the request of the party, the narrowing of the space for deviation from the general regime, through guarantying the level of protection of the rights and legal interests of the parties covered by this law. Finally, in connection with the process of harmonization of special laws with the LGAP, the author points out the potential threats to legal certainty that may arise in the near future if the transitional and final provisions of the law are not amended and offers possible ways to over-come this problem.