O državnoj imovini i državnoj svojini u pravu SRJ - neka zapažanja

Abstract

Potpisnik nailazećih redova je nastojao da teorijski sagleda strukturu državne imovine, posebno imovine Savezne Republike Jugoslavije prema ovdašnjem postojećem pravu. Analizirao je ustavni obim državne svojine i (ne)usklađenost Federalnog sistema sa Republičkim (Srbija) podsistemom, u tome pogledu. Pružio je i osnovna obaveštenja o definisanju javnog dobra u sadašnjoj francuskoj doktrini, kao i o elementima pojma javne stvari u današnjem nemačkom pravu.

(1) Structurally, the state property consists of public and private domains. In case of the state public property, it is possible to distinguish general and the so-called administrative property, the relevant criterion being the availability and purpose of the property. It is subjected exclusively, or at least partially (administrative public state property), to the norms of public law. The private (fiscal) state property refers to various sources of means intended for feeding the treasury. It is regulated only by the norms of civil law. (2) The legal institute of public domain, namely public thing (property), by all means, transgresses to quite a degree the limits of object of the state public property. The decisive criterion for distinguishing the former category from the other ones is - or should be - their dominant purpose: they serve, entirely or partially, directly or indirectly, to public and not to private purposes. The principal dividing line according to the French and German conceptions of the public domain (public property or thing) lies in the fact that the former presupposes a separate and unavoidable notion of public ownership, namely of the ownership of the subject having the position of entity in the sphere of public law, while the German conception only emphasizes the legally modeled public-law status of specific things, independently of the nature of the subject of the right of ownership in the concrete case. It seems to the author that, without entering in a more detailed analysis - de lege ferenda - the German model would be more appropriate to Yugoslav legal environment. (3) The state property of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is expressed in its legislative form as an inconsistent mixture of rights and object (things). Still, it is possible to discern within it some components of both administrative public, and private (fiscal) property. As far as the scope of the state ownership is concerned, the lack of coordination is visible between the republic (Serbia) and the federal constitutions; also present are deep legislative lacunae or even anachronous normative solutions.