Referendumsko pitanje i ustavne promene u Makedoniji

Abstract

Autori u radu najpre ukazuju na proces sticanja nezavisnosti Makedonije, kao i na postupak donošenja ustava iz 1991. godine. Međutim, iza formalno demokratske ustavne fasade, zanemarena je rastuća ekonomska, socijalna i međuetnička kriza u Makedoniji. U cilju prevazilaženja tih problema ustavotvorac je putem amandmana čak osam puta izvršio izmene i dopune ustava. Međutim, predmet ove analize predstavlja poslednja izmena Ustava iz 2019. godine, kojom je ova bivša jugoslovenska republika otklonila višedecenijski spor sa Grčkom. Stoga se autori najpre bave neposrednom analizom referendumskog pitanja, odnosno kontroverzama koje su pratile ustavne promene u ovoj državi. Nakon pravne analize, ukazuje se i na značaj ustavnih promena sa bezbednosnog aspekta. S tim u vezi, autori analiziraju kakve je efekte imalo potpisivanje Prespanskog sporazuma na evro-atlantske integracije u Makedoniji. Na kraju, u okviru zaključnih razmatranja, autori još jednom sumiraju značaj i posledice ustavnog amandmana iz 2019. godine.

The authors first point to the process of gaining independence of Macedonia, as well as to the process of adopting the constitution of 1991. However, behind the formal democratic constitutional facade, the growing economic, social and interethnic crisis in Macedonia has been neglected. In that regard, the constitution maker amended the constitution eight times. However, the subject of this analysis is the latest amendment to the Constitution of 2019, by which this former Yugoslav Republic has resolved a multi-year dispute with Greece. Therefore, the authors deal with the direct analysis of the referendum question, that is, the controversies that followed the constitutional changes in this country. After the legal analysis, the importance of constitutional changes is pointed out from the security aspect. In this regard, the authors analyze the effects of the signing of the Prespa Accord on EuroAtlantic integration in Macedonia. Finally, as part of the concluding remarks, the authors once again summarize the significance and consequences of the constitutional amendment.