Interventno zakonodavstvo na primeru Zakona o konverziji stambenih kredita indeksiranih u švajcarskim francima

Abstract

Zakon o konverziji stambenih kredita indeksiranih u švajcarskim francima usvojen je po hitnom postupku sredinom 2019. godine s ciljem da se ex post facto pruži posebna pravna zaštita korisnicima dugoročnih stambenih kredita vezanih za tu stranu valutu. U ovom radu ukazuje se prvo na relativno novu pojavu "interventnog" menjanja ili usvajanja propisa zarad rešavanja pojedinačnih spornih društvenih situacija koje donosioci političkih odluka percipiraju kao akutan socijalni ili politički problem. Novousvojeni Zakon o konverziji spada u takve "interventne" propise. Stoga se potom u radu razmatraju određene odredbe novog zakona koje se loše uklapaju u zatečena pravila o zaključenju ugovora. Na kraju se prikazuje dosadašnja bankarska praksa zaključenja ugovora o konverziji koja se razvila na temelju ovog novog interventnog zakona.

The Law on Conversion of Housing Loans Indexed to Swiss Francs was enacted in a shortened procedure in April 2019, with the aim of providing special ex post facto legal protection to the consumers engaged in long-term housing loans with a currency clause in CHF. This paper firstly examines the relatively new practice of the Serbian legislature to act in the interventionist manner, that is, to change or adopt the laws for the purposes of addressing the individual contentious social issues that political decision makers perceive as acute social or political problems. The newly adopted Law on Conversion falls under such category of "interventionist" or "emergency" legislation. The paper then discusses certain provisions of the new law that do not fit well with the well-established rules on contract formation. Finally, the paper presents the current banking practice of concluding conversion agreements in line with the said piece of "emergency" legislation.