Punovažnost valutne klauzule nakon stupanja na snagu Zakona o konverziji

Abstract

U radu se razmatra punovažnost valutne klauzule u svetlu primene Zakona o konverziji stambenih kredita indeksiranih u švajcarskim francima. Prvi deo je posvećen pojmu i karakteristikama valutne klauzule, kako bi se utvrdio uticaj njene ništavosti na punovažnost ugovora o kreditu. Autor ističe nedoslednost u rešavanju tog pitanja u sudskoj praksi i predlaže argumente u prilog stavu o delimičnoj ništavosti ugovora. U drugom delu je dat prikaz shvatanja o punovažnosti valutne klauzule kojom se kredit indeksira u švajcarskim francima. Potom je izložen način na koji Zakonom o konverziji pokušava da se reši problem "švajcaraca". Tim zakonom nije uređeno pitanje ništavosti valutne klauzule ni ugovora o kreditu indeksiranom u švajcarskim francima. Iz analize pravne prirode ugovora o konverziji proizlazi da konverzija nije moguća ako je izvorni ugovor o kreditu ništav zbog nepunovažnosti valutne klauzule. Stoga, i nakon donošenja Zakona o konverziji, pitanje ništavosti valutne klauzule ostaje sporno i aktuelno.

This paper deals with legality of the currency clause in light of the Law on Conversion of Housing Loans Indexed in Swiss Francs. The first part analyses characteristics of the currency clause, in order to explain effects of its possible illegality on validity of the loan agreement. The author emphasizes inconsistency in the way Serbian courts approach this issue and suggests arguments for treating the loan agreement as being only partially invalid. The second part presents different opinions regarding legality of the Swiss francs currency clause, which is generally treated as an invalid contract term in judicial practice. Thereafter, solutions to the problem of Swiss francs in the Law are examined. It is concluded that conversion is not possible if the original loan agreement was invalid due to an illegal currency clause. Consequently, illegality of the currency clause remains open after entry into force of the said Law.