Injurija kao delikt

Abstract

Iniuria je od ranih vremena bila znak protivpravnosti. Upravo je zbog toga označavala pra-crimen. Tokom procesa izdvajanja svetovne injurije iz prakrimena, nastaje obligaciono pravo i istovremeno nastaje injurija kao delikt. U vremenu donošenja Zakona XII tablica ne može biti delikta uvrede, a ne može biti ni klevete. Kako da ih bude kada reč još uvek nije sekularizovana? Ključnu ulogu, prilikom razgradnje delikta injurije, je odigrala potreba za pravno-jezičkom formulacijom specifičnih telesnih povreda, preko posebnih standardizovanih pravnih formula (membrum ruptum i os fractum). Ova standardizacija ima težnju da, tipičnim slučajevima, preko posebnih formula, postepeno podari posebne zaštitne objekte i da tako formira posebne delikte. Međutim, ovde ona nikada nije dovršila taj proces.

Iniuria has been a sign of illegality from early times. Therefore, it signified pre-crimen. During the process of secular iniuria separation from pre-crimen, obligation law is appeared and occurred as a tort iniuria as well. In the time of passage of XII Tables there can be neither defamation tort nor defamation. How can they exist unless the word has been secularized yet? A key role in the process of offence of iniuria decomposition was played by the need for legal-linguistic standardization of striking physical injuries through special legal formula (membrum ruptum and os fractum). This standardization has got the tendency, by typical cases and through special formula, to provide a gradual special protection to special values, and form separate assaults. However, that process has never been completed yet.