Kancel paragraf Vidovdanskog ustava

Abstract

Kancel paragraf je propis o zabrani zloupotrebe predikaonice. On se kao §130a nalazio u Krivičnom zakoniku Nemačke carevine od 1871. godine. Kancel paragraf je unet u Vidovdanski ustav kao stav 7 člana 12. Između njega i nemačkog uzora bilo je razlika na koje se ukazivalo u Odboru Ustavotvorne skupštine Kraljevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca. U Plenumu i Ustavnom odboru navedeni su brojni slučajevi zloupotrebe predikaonice. U jednom slučaju, sveštenik je izašao iz oltara da prozbori s Gospodom, a kad se vratio, rekao je vernicima: Gospod vam preporučuje da birate ovoga! Poslanici Ustavotvorne skupštine su izneli brojne razloge za i protiv kancel paragrafa. Među razlozima protiv unošenja u Ustav ovog instituta navođeno je da je u propovedima nemoguće zaobići politička pitanja; da crkva ima svojevrsnu eksteritorijalnost i da sveštenici podležu sudu svoje organizacije; da bi kancel paragraf predstavljao osnov za uvođenje policije u crkvu. Glavni razlog za kancel paragraf bio je taj što su sveštenici imali status državnih činovnika sui generis. Bez kancel paragrafa, pojedinac koji bi bio napadnut sa predikaonice ostao bi nezaštićen i bez prava na odgovor. Najveća istorijska vrednost kancel paragrafa leži ne u iskustvu njegove primene, nego u njegovom stvaranju - u svestranoj raspravi u kojoj su izneti brojni stavovi za i protiv ove ustanove.

Kanzel paragraph is the regulation which bans priests to discuss political matters from the pulpit. It was inserted as Article 130a in Penal Code of German Empire (1870). After this Article, as a model, kanzel paragraph was created as paragraph 7 of article 12 St. Vitus Constitution. In Constitutional Assembly and Committee there were presented many cases of misuse of pulpit and spiritual power on whole. In one case, a priest got out of alter to have a talk with God and after he came back and said: The God recommend you to vote for this one. Deputies also pointed out many reasons for and against the kanzel paragraph. Among reasons against was an allegation that priests delivering sermon could not avoid political and party issues; that priest have his own jurisdiction; that kanzel paragraph would enable the police to get into churches; that kanzel paragraph would be a source of conflicts with millions of Roman Catholics inside and outside of the country. Main reason for kanzel paragraph was the fact that priests had status of sui generis public officials. Also, it served as a protection for citizens who could be slandered by misuse of pulpit. The most historical importance of kanzel paragraph was not in its enforcement and practice but in comprehensive debate during its creation which comprise analyses of permanent values.