Ideja osnovne norme

Abstract

U članku se analiziraju najvažnije sekvence iz istorijata ideje osnovne norme kao pozitivističkog odgovora na pitanje o osnovu obaveznosti pozitivnog prava. Radi će o teorijskim idejama Salmonda, Kelzena u Harša, s jedne, a Digija u Onorea, s druge strane. Na taj način analiza obuhvata veći deo spektra mogućih rešenja ovog pitanja. Ipak, zaključak o domašajima njihovih postavki nije ohrabrujući: u ovom pitanju pozitivizam ima strateške deficite u odnosu na konkurentske pravno-filozofske pristupe.

The idea of the basic norm, described as positivist's response to the problem of normotivity of positive law, is the main subject of the article. Author analyses this concept from the very beginning (Salmond's ultimate principles), through the famous and controversial Grundnorm (Kelsen) to the much more practical and mundane account of the so-called rule of recognition (Hart). On the other side of the positivist's camp are located the authors (like Duguit or Honore), also devoted to the basic tenets of positivism (separation between law and morals), who understands the law as founded firmly on some empirical facts. They have been striving to reveal the basic norm of law in some kind of social necessity, i.e. in a feet of social cooperation between the members of a society. However, in both versions mere is, besides many differences, one common intention - founding the validity of positive law qua normative, binding system without having recourse to ethics or natural law. In concluding remarks the author makes a point that positivism, otherwise powerful in explanation of internal structure of normative positive legal system, weakens in the attempt to explain why the legal system as a whole should be obeyed.