Da li nam je potreban još jedan zakon o zaštiti od nasilja u porodici?

Abstract

Porodično nasilje se može opisati kao ponašanje koje se ispoljava kao kontinuirana upotreba sile, pretnje ili zloupotrebe poverenja u odnosima između članova porodice. Prednacrt Zakona o zaštiti od nasilja u porodici (Prednacrt) – zajedno sa Porodičnim zakonom – obezbeđuje moćno sredstvo za osobe kojima je potrebna pravna pomoć u slučajevima porodičnog nasilja i, štaviše, znatno poboljšava svakodnevni život žrtava porodičnog nasilja. Cilj Prednacrta jeste da obezbedi brzu i nadasve efikasnu zaštitu za žrtve nasilja putem policijskih i sudskih mera, koje imaju zadatak da razdvoje nasilnika i žrtvu. Katalog zaštitnih mera obuhvata meru privremenog udaljenja učinioca iz stana i meru privremene zabrane kontaktiranja i prilaska. Takve privremene zaštitne mere treba, pre svega, da privremeno zabrane ili ograniče lične odnose između nasilnika i žrtve. Na taj način, dakle, fizičkim i prostornim razdvajanjem, žrtva je efikasno zaštićena od opasnosti da nasilje eskalira u još većoj meri. S druge strane, takođe je moguće, bar u nekim slučajevima, da čak i kada se dogodilo nasilje, članovi porodice pokušaju da sačuvaju svoje preostale kapacitete kako bi, jednom kasnije, možda nastavili zajednički život i komunikaciju. Ono što je hitno potrebno jeste to da se zaustavi konflikt, a to je upravo onaj cilj koji odredbe Prednacrta i Porodičnog zakona ispunjavaju. Ako posle nekog vremena, u kome nije bilo više konflikta, nastavak zajedničkog života postane moguć između članova porodice koji su bili u ulogama počinioca nasilja i žrtve ili oni nastave da održavaju porodične odnose iako više ne žive zajedno, moglo bi se reći da su preduzete mere protiv porodičnog nasilja postigle cilj da spreče potpunu degradaciju i dezintegraciju porodice.

Domestic violence can be described as behavior which is expressed through continuous use of force, threat or abuse of trust in relations between members of a family. Preliminary Draft of the Law on Protection Against Violence in the Family (Draft Law) – together with the Family Act – represents a valuable tool for those seeking to get legal aid in the cases of family violence, and moreover to improve the daily lives of victims of violence. The goal of the Draft Law is to provide fast and above all effective protection for victims through enforceable police and court measures which are aimed at separating the perpetrator and the victim. A catalogue of possible protective orders includes an order for temporary eviction from family apartment of the perpetrator, as well as an order of a temporary ban on contacting and approaching the victim. These protective measures against domestic violence are created with the main goal of temporarily prohibiting or restricting personal relations between the perpetrator and the victim. In this way, by physical and spatial separation, the victim is effectively protected from the danger of escalating violence in an even worse degree. On the other hand, it is also possible, in some cases, to reach a situation where members of a family where violence occurred may try to preserve their remaining capacities to continue common life and communication. What is urgently needed is to put an end to the conflict, and that is what the provisions of the Draft Law and the Family Act are accomplishing. If, after a certain period, in which there is no conflict, the continuation of common life of family members who were previously in the roles of the victim and the perpetrator becomes possible, or they continue to maintain family relations although they no longer live together, it can be considered that the measures against domestic violence, which have been provided, have acquired the goal or preventing total degradation and disintegration of the family.