Ništavost osnivanja privrednog društva - uporednopravna teorija i pravo Evropske unije

Abstract

Autor se u radu bavi problemima ništavosti osnivanja privrednog društva. U prvi plan su istaknuti razlozi postojanja posebnog režima ništavosti osnivanja u uporednopravnoj teoriji i postojeći restriktivni režim koji je predviđen u pravu Evropske unije. Osim toga, analizirani su teorijski koncepti ništavosti u odnosu na pojmove ništavosti društva, ništavosti osnivanja društva, ništavosti pravnog osnova (osnivačkog akta) i ništavosti registracije ili upisa privrednog društva. Ukazano je na postojeće nedoumice i probleme u praktičnoj primeni mogućih rešenja. Naročito je naglašeno da ništavost mora da bude krajnje sredstvo zaštite interesa zainteresovanih lica, radi čega je nužno unapređenje postojećeg sistema kontrole (osnivanja) privrednih društava.

This paper deals with the nullity of a company. It emphasizes why it is necessary to establish a special restrictive regime with regard to the nullity of a company, and what complementary mechanisms need to be introduced in order to accomplish legal certainty. In this respect the existing regime of the nullity of companies within EU Company Law is examined and different conditions for nullity, including possible consequences are presented. Different theoretical concepts of the nullity of a company were examined and compared in this paper, in particular nullity of the company's incorporation, invalidity of the articles of incorporation, as well as registration procedure. Comparative law concepts, including de facto company, société de fait or fehlerhafte Gesellschaft are also examined in order to define nullity in Serbian Company Law, as well as to resolve some existing concerns and problems in Serbian case law. Finally, it is underlined that nullity of a company must be regarded within the existing system of control of the incorporation of the company. It is emphasized that, in order to achieve legal certainty, nullity must be the ultimate means of protecting the interests of persons concerned, which is why it is necessary to improve the existing control system of incorporation of companies.