Ustavna žalba - teorijsko-pravni okvir

Abstract

Širenje ustavne žalbe u okvirima evropskog konstitucionalizma poslednje dekade XX veka, ali i njeno konstituisanje u srpski ustavni sistem 2006. godine, izaziva porast interesovanja za ovim pravnim institutom. Imajući u vidu da uporedno pravo ne pruža jedinstven institucionalni model ustavne žalbe, kao i relativno kratkotrajno iskustvo Republike Srbije sa ovim institutom, ne iznenađuje činjenica da je u našoj teoriji otvoreno mnogo pitanja na ovom polju. Upravo iz tog razloga autor je nastojao da prvenstveno kroz uporednu analizu institucionalnih modela tri ugledna primera, Nemačke, Austrije i Španije, obogaćenu pojedinim specifičnostima pravnih sistema u kojima je naknadno konstitucionalizovana ustavna žalba, pruži teorijsko-pravni okvir ovog pravnog sredstva.

The expansion of constitutional complaint through the landscape of European constitutionalism in the last decade of the XX century, as well as its implementation in the Serbian constitutional system in 2006, have increased the interest of Serbian legal scholars in this legal instrument. Comparative law does not provide a uniform institutional model of constitutional complaint, and experience of the Republic of Serbia with respect to this institute is very short. As a result, many questions regarding constitutional complaint have been raised in Serbian legal theory so far. This paper offers a theoretical and legal framework of the instrument of constitutional complaint. The author firstly examines the institutional models of three countries − Germany, Austria and Spain, and, secondly, deals with some specific characteristics of other constitutional systems which have subsequently introduced this legal instrument.