Vremensko ograničenje prava na odricanje od nasledstva u evropskim pravnim porecima i u srpskom pravu

Abstract

U sistemima u kojima zaostavština ipso iure prelazi na naslednika, naslednik u momentu ostaviočeve smrti stiče pravo na odricanje od nasleđa. To pravo se može vršiti u zakonom predviđenom roku. Ako se naslednik u tom roku ne odrekne nasleđa, po pravilu se uzima da je dao pozitivnu naslednu izjavu. Autor razmatra vremenski okvir prava na odricanje od nasleđa u srpskom zakonodavstvu, kako bi ocenio da li rešenje srpskog prava na zadovoljavajući način uvažava potrebu da se što pre okonča period naslednopravnog provizorijuma (neizvesnost u pogledu toga da li će se kandidat za nasleđe prihvatiti svog nasledstva) i interes potencijalnog naslednika da mu se ostavi dovoljno vremena za ocenu celishodnosti odgovarajuće nasledne izjave.

In the systems of universal succession, the heirs and residuary devisees of the decedent step into his shoes at his death. They take the decedent’s title and assume the decedent’s liabilities to his creditors and the obligation of paying legacies. In addition, at the death of the deceased, the heirs and residuary devisees also acquire the right to disclaim inheritance. They may renounce their legal right to succeed under a will or through intestacy within the statutory time limit, and if they fail to disclaim their interest within the prescribed period of time, it will mean that they have accepted the inheritance. The author examines the time limit for renunciation of inheritance under Serbian law in the light of the two conflicting needs: the need to shorten, as much as possible, the period of uncertainty concerning the question of who will eventually inherit the decedent, and the need to protect the interest of the potential heir of having enough time to consider expediency of accepting or rejecting the inheritance.