Opunomoćavanje kao samostalan pravni posao

Abstract

Savremeni pravni promet nezamisliv je bez ustanove zastupanja. Rimsko pravo nikada nije načelno dozvolilo neposredno zastupanje. Prve moderne građanske kodifikacije priznaju neposredno zastupanje na osnovu punomoćja ali ga vezuju za ugovor o nalogu. Samostalna ustanova punomoćja nastaje u nemačkom pravu u drugoj polovini XIX veka pri čemu je najveću zaslugu u osamostaljivanju punomoćja od mandata imalo učenje Paula Labanda. Srpski građanski zakonik iz 1844. god. reguliše punomoćje pri čemu ostaje u okvirima starije doktrine koja punomoćje vezuje za nalog. Skica za zakonik o obligacijama i ugovorima iz 1969. god. i Zakon o obligacionim odnosima RS punomoćje uređuju kao samostalnu ustanovu koja se razlikuje od ugovora o nalogu.

The institute of agency is indispensable to contemporary legal transactions. Roman law, in principle, never permitted direct representation. The first modern civil codes acknowledged direct representation based on a power-of-attorney but linked it to a mandate contract. The power-of-attorney as an independent institute emerged in the late 19th century under German law, with Paul Laband’s theory taking the biggest credit in the separation of the power-of-attorney from the mandate contract. The 1844 Serbian Civil Code regulates the powerof- attorney while remaining within the remit of the older doctrine which associates the power-of-attorney to the mandate. The 1969 Draft Contracts and Obligations Code and the Republic of Serbia’s current Contract and Torts Act regulate the power-of-attorney as a separate institute, distinguishing it from the mandate contract.