Youth employment : key labour law aspects

Abstract

This master thesis provides a detailed overview of key labour law aspects of youth employment in Europe in the period after the world economic crisis escalated in 2008. The emphasis is put on the quality of jobs available to young people, varying youth unemployment rate, as well as difficulties that young people are facing with in the labour market. In the central part of the paper author examines the crucial actions that the European Union (EU) has undertook in combating high youth unemployment rate with special reference to the Youth Guarantee as the most efficient and largely financed EU initiative. Additionally, the thesis will address the main legal sources adopted by international organizations, primarily by the International Labour Organization (ILO), which are particularly aimed at the elimination of child labour, as well as at the establishment of a general standard of the minimum age for admission to employment or work. A special emphasis in the thesis is put on working conditions for young people contained in the Council Directive 94/33/EC, regulating the minimum age for employment, working time for young people, rest periods and limitations in terms of night work. In addition, the protection of safety and health of young people at work and variations of their wage rate in different EU Member States (MSs) will be explained. A special observation is set on social protection of young people with the highlight put on unemployment benefits, health care and pension rights of young people. Finally, certain conclusions are outlined comprising existing achievements and shortcomings of measures undertaken in tackling youth unemployment in Europe.

Ovaj master rad pruža detaljan pregled ključnih aspekata radnog prava u zapošljavanju mladih u Evropi u periodu nakon eskalacije svetske ekonomske krize 2008. godine. Naglasak je stavljen na kvalitet radnih mesta dostupnih mladima, različite stope nezaposlenosti mladih, kao i na poteškoće sa kojima se mladi suočavaju na tržištu rada. U centralnom delu rada autor ispituje ključne aktivnosti koje je Evropska Unija (EU) preduzela u borbi protiv visoke stope nezaposlenosti mladih, sa posebnim osvrtom na Garanciju za mlade kao najefikasniju i visoko finansiranu EU inicijativu. Pored toga, u radu će biti obrađeni glavni dokumenti koje su usvojile međunarodne organizacije, prije svega Međunarodna organizacija rada (ILO), koje su posebno usmerene na eliminaciju dečijeg rada, kao i na uspostavljanje opšteg standarda minimalnog uzrasta za prijem u radni odnos ili na posao. Poseban akcenat u radu je stavljen na uslove rada za mlade koji su sadržani u Direktivi Saveta 94/33/EC, koja reguliše minimalnu starosnu dob za zapošljavanje, radno vreme za mlade, vreme odmora i ograničenja u pogledu noćnog rada. Dodatno, biće objašnjena zaštita sigurnosti i zdravlja mladih ljudi na poslu i varijacije njihovih plata u različitim državama članicama EU. Poseban osvrt je stavljen na socijalnu zaštitu mladih ljudi sa naglaskom na naknade za nezaposlene, zdravstvenu zaštitu i penzijska prava mladih. Na kraju, izneseni su određeni zaključci koji obuhvataju postojeća dostignuća i nedostatke preduzetih mera u borbi protiv nezaposlenosti mladih u Evropi.