Strazburški standardi u upravnom sporu

Abstract

Ovaj članak se vremenski poklapa sa značajnim organizacionim i zakonodavnim promenama u domaćem upravno-sudskom postupku. Reforma pravosuđa Republike Srbije dovodi do stvaranja Upravnog suda koji će ubuduće presuđivati upravne sporove u prvom stepenu. Radi se i na izradi nacrta novog Zakona o upravnim sporovima. Namera je autora da doprinese ovim značajnim promenama koje imaju za cilj poboljšanje upravno-sudske zaštite prava i sloboda građana i organizacija u našoj zemlji. S tim naumom, autor analizira strazburške standarde i usaglašenost domaćih zakonskih rešenja i sudske prakse u upravnom sporu sa njima. Pod strazburškim standardima podrazumevaju se Evropska konvencija o ljudskim pravima i slobodama, i to čl. 6, koji reguliše pravo na pravično suđenje, kao i preporuke Saveta Evrope u oblasti upravnog prava. Autor u centralnom delu teksta identifikuje neusaglašenosti koje postoje u oblasti prava na pristup sudu (prava na iniciranje postupka pred sudom i prava na pravnu pomoć), privremenih mera, utvrđivanja činjenica u upravnom sporu i izvršenju pravosnažnih sudskih presuda. U zaključku rada, autor daje predloge organizacionih i zakonodavnih izmena kojima bi se uočene neusaglašenosti mogle otkloniti.

This article follows current important organizational and legislative changes in the domestic administrative-court proceedings (administrative dispute). The ongoing judicial reform in Serbia includes creation of the Administrative Court, which should adjudicate administrative disputes in the first instance. A draft of the prospective Administrative Dispute Act is under development. It is the intention of the author to contribute to the changes aimed at improvement of the administrative-court protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens and organizations in the Republic of Serbia. The author analyzes Strasbourg standards, and the level of harmonization of Serbian legislative solutions and case-law with these standards. Strasbourg standards encompass European Convention on Human Rights - namely, Article 6 of the Convention regulating the right to fair trial, as well as the recommendations of the Council of Europe in the field of administrative law. The author identifies inner inconsistencies in respect of the right to access the court (right to initiate proceedings before a court and right to legal aid), provisional measures, determining facts in the administrative dispute, and execution of final court judgments. In the end, the author proposes organizational and legislative changes, which could be used to eliminate identified inconsistencies.