Nepravične klauzule i Principi evropskog ugovornog prava osiguranja

Abstract

U radu se analiziraju odredbe Principa evropskog ugovornog prava osiguranja o nepravičnim klauzulama. Autor polazi od značaja definicije nepravične odredbe za podizanje standarda zaštite ugovarača osiguranja, osiguranika i korisnika usluga osiguranja, kao slabije strane kod ugovora o osiguranju. Centralni deo rada posvećen je analizi nepravične klauzule iz ugla Principa evropskog ugovornog prava osiguranja i razlikama u odnosu na koncept iz Direktive 93/13 o nepravičnim klauzulama u ugovorima zaključenim sa potrošačima. Kao primer neusklađenosti potrošačkih i propisa o ugovoru o osiguranju navodi se primer francuskog prava i dve klauzule ugovora o osiguranju - klauzula o raskidu ugovora nakon nastanka osiguranog slučaja i klauzula o gubitku prava iz osiguranja zbog zakasnele prijave osiguranog slučaja. Autor predlaže da se u Prednacrt Građanskog zakonika Srbije unese i član o nepravičnim odredbama u ugovorima o osiguranju.

Provisions of Principles of European Insurance Contract Law regarding the unfair clauses are analyzed in the paper. The author has come from the importance of definition of unfair clause to the raising of standards of protection of insured as weaker party to the contract of insurance. The central part of the work is devoted to the analysis of unfair clause form the point of view of Principles as well as to the differences between the concept of Principles and concept of Directive on unfair contract terms in contracts concluded with consumers. French law is stressed as an example of inconsistency between consumer law and insurance contract law. There are two clauses of insurance contract: clause of resolution of contract after the realization of risk insured and clause of loss of protection because of late declaration of risk insured. The author proposes the introduction of article on unfair clauses in insurance contracts into the preliminary draft of Serbian Civil Code.