Privreda i upravno-sudska zaštita - upravni spor u Srbiji i u Crnoj Gori

Abstract

Upravni spor je tradicionalni oblik sudske kontrole zakonitosti upravnih aktivnosti, kroz upravno-sudski postupak. To se odnosi i na upravne materije sa naglašenim privrednim elementom. U članku autor uglavnom analizira najnoviji Zakon o upravnim sporovima Crne gore (ZUS CG), upoređujući ga sa istovrsnim propisom Srbije. Ističe (i) bitne procesne veze propisa o upravnom postupku i normi o upravnosudskom postupku. Ukazuje na poboljšanja koja donosi novi ZUS CG spram prethodnog zakonskog teksta. Na koncu zaključuje da su oba zakona o upravnom sporu umnogome slična, a da je srpski zakon u više tačaka - u pogledu načela o pravu na pravično upravno suđenje, kod pravne mogućnosti sudskog odlaganja izvršenja, prigovora na odluku sudije pojedinca, zatim što se tiče novčanog kažnjavanja organa, pokretanje spora u slučaju ćutanje uprave itd. - ipak napredniji i kompletiji. S druge strane, ZUS Srbije nije do sada usklađen sa novim ZUP-om. Sve u svemu, kod oba zakona su moguća bitna poboljšanja regulative u skladu sa evropskim standardima, naročito u domenu pune sudske jurisdikcije i sudskih pravnih lekova. A sve je to u vezi sa drugačijom, razuđenijom organizacijom sudske mreže, posebno sa uvođenjem sistema upravnog sudstva, dvostepenosti upravnog suđenja, pre svega.

Administrative dispute is a kind of traditional way of judicial controle of legality of administrative activities through administrative jurisdiction. It also relates to administrative matters with ephasized economic importance. The author analyzes the latest Law on administrative disputes of Montenegro by making comparisons with equivalent Serbian law. It is highlighted essential procedural relations between law on administrative procedure and law on administrative disputes. The author also points at improvements that bring the latest Law on administrative disputes of Montenegro. At the end, author concludes that laws relating administrative disputes have number of similarities, although Serbian law is in more questions - principle of right to fair trial, legal possibility of judicial delay of execution, complaint to decision of a single judge, pecuniary punishment of administrative organs, administrative dispute in the case of silence of administration and so on - more advanced and more complete. On the other side, Serbian Law on administrative disputes is not harmonized with new Law on general administrative procedure. Summa summarum, both laws could be improved in accordance with European standards, especially in respect of disputes subject to the courts of general competence as well as legal remedies. These improvements are connected with different organization of judicial network, especially with the introduction of system of administrative jurisdiction and primarily with the introduction of two instances of administrative jurisdiction.